a winter vegetable-salsify

A friend of mine sent me a link to Zester daily, which has some interesting cooking ideas. I added the link to the blog: look it up! One of the winter vegetables mentioned is the salsify, which, honestly, I discovered in France. My impression (correct me if I'm wrong!) is that this is not a well known vegetable in the US. Since I happen to have a recipe, thought I'd share it!
TIPS: Like all roots, choose the firm ones. Peel like a carrot. To make a decent gratin for 4, buy at least 1 kilo or 2 lbs of the vegetable.

Gratin de salsify

2lbs or 1 kilo salsify

Bechamel (see post)

butter

milk

flour or corn starch

nutmeg

Parmesan or other grated cheese.

salt & pepper

Preheat oven to medium.

Clean and peel the salsify. 

Slice into rounds.

Parboil until cooked but firm.

Meanwhile make a thick bechamel, with nutmeg.

Butter a baking dish.

Put the cooked salsify into the dish, cover with bechamel, sprinkle cheese, salt & pepper to taste.

Bake in oven until golden, about 30 mins.

Cherry tomato pasta

Another summer recipe. This one is inspired from several pasta sauces I grew up eating, but I admit is my own concoction. Given that my family enjoys it, I'm passing it on.
It's summer, so we often BBQ, which means grilled vegetables (if using fresh vegetables, then sauté them with the garlic).
Also, our move to the country means we've fallen into the trap of growing organic vegetables. The most successful crop so far is cherry tomatoes, hence, the recipe that follows.


TIP: Put the salted water on for the pasta before starting the sauce, as it should only cook about 10 minutes.

20+ cherry tomatoes
20+ black olives
4 cloves garlic
grilled vegetables (pepcapers, eggplant, onions...)
tbsp capers
3 large anchovies (optional if vegetarian)
parsely
olive oil

Slice garlic in half. Chop anchovies. Simmer both in oil in a large saucepan.
Slice tomatoes in half. Chop grilled veggies. Add to the saucepan.
Add olives, capers & parsley. Stir, turn heat off.
When pasta is cooked, drain & mix directly in the saucepan. Serve immediately.

GALLO PINTO, Costa Rican beans 'n' rice!

Years ago I went to Costa Rica as a grad student. The OTS—Organization for Tropical Studies—field courses were (and still are) built around the idea of having serious biology students learn about tropical ecosystems first-hand and from active researchers as they got shuttled from field station to field station in various and sometimes remote parts of the country for the better part of two months. This all happened on a shoestring budget, and the meals we got were not memorable for their grandeur but for their proletarian modesty. Let's just say no one got sick from the food, and we were pretty happy about that.

I was reminded of this by a long facebook chat I had with one of my former students who is now in the OTS class himself, carting around baby crocodiles while swatting down the mosquito clouds. The field stations are now ultra-posh, compared with the way I remember them—some have even air conditioning (and obviously wi-fi). But the food is still the same old OTS eats, i.e. black beans and white rice separately on day one, and the beans mixed with rice for the next five meals. Black beans and rice together even has a name: gallo pinto, literally "spotted cock," and I think of it as the Costa Rican national food.

We had other stuff to eat as well—fish of various kinds and quality (all of which were identified as "corvina," no matter how much it smelled like blue shark), veggies, and I'm sure there were meat days as well, though I can't remember any. To me it just made the most sense to get most of my calories from the beans and rice—breakfast, lunch, and dinner—and anything else that I found palatable was an unexpected plus.

I still enjoy going for periods subsisting primarily on beans and rice—particularly during the summers when the spouse and young'n's venture across the Atlantic to spend time with Adri's fam. I stay at home, tend to the dogs and garden, and eat beans. And rice, too, but I hadn't made gallo pinto for what seems like forever until I had the chat with Seth.

There's not much to it. Leftover beans (I'll get to this next), leftover rice (for which I gave instructions in my moqueca post), toss them together in a sauté pan, and if you want to be fancy about it, you can start with a bit of sofrito with onions and bell pepper. To me it won't taste right until I drench it with Tabasco sauce (in Costa Rica, it's Lizano), and a handful of cilantro doesn't hurt either.


"Leftover beans" is a tautology (or a redundancy, or whatever philosophers call this type of semi-meaningless verbiage). Cooking beans takes so much time that when anyone makes beans there is always going to be more than what is immediately needed. Therefore, the act of cooking beans is equivalent to the phenomenon of having beans left over, and hence "leftover beans" equates to "leftover products of an act that produces leftovers." [Apologies to almost everyone. This is U. of Chicago humor intended principally for Karen, whose blog is now host to my therapeutic—at least for me—ramblings. Now for my real comments about making beans.]

Somewhere in the Bible it must say something like, "thou shalt not cook beans without soaking them first," and "thou shalt not salt beans until after they are cooked, lest they become tough beans." I'm not totally sure about this, but it must be in the friggin' Bible because people believe this crap without asking for evidence.

Beans can be cooked without soaking—they turn out fine, though it requires a bit longer cooking time (the real cooking begins from the point where all of the beans have sunk below the surface of the liquid, whereas for soaked beans this is the case at the outset). And salting the water before cooking makes beans that are not only tender but also taste better than beans that soak up a bunch of un-salty water. If you can't believe that the Bible could be wrong about this, I suggest you perform the proper experiment to evaluate my position vs. that of the Bible. Go ahead.

The one misstep that I do make on occasion that does result in tough, undercooked beans (mixed in with the cooked ones) is not using enough water. The beans need to be completely underneath the cooking water for the duration of the cooking time in order to absorb liquid and reach tenderness. Undershoot with water (or overshoot with beans) and the surface dries out, and those beans at the top of the pot will be crunchy. If this happens, I just add more liquid and cook until all the beans are tender, realizing that the beans that were already cooked may by then have turned to mush.

Adding extra flavor to the beans as they cook is a great idea. A couple of bay leaves is almost de rigueur. Dried or fresh herbs are also good, and epazote, a Mexican mugwort sometimes used as an anti-flatus additive, actually adds a distinctive flavor to the beans. Peeled cloves of garlic is a personal favorite of mine. Another is a fat slice of good, smoky bacon, which stands as a big, porky asterisk between this post and complete vegan-itude. [The closest I've come to home-made bacon uses what amounts to Trevor's method on magrets (duck breasts) but with a shorter period of air exposure—in the fridge, which is suboptimal but the only option for those of us without cellars. And come to think of it, a slice or two of duck prosciutto would make nice non-vegan flavor supplement to one's beans!]

Rice salad-riso freddo

A summer staple in Italy, cold rice salads are much appreciated when temperatures soar. They are ideal for al fresco meals, as we all try to cool down by enjoying the evening air. In our house we spend most of the summer months outside (yes, even on the computer, thanks to wifi!). Personally, I don't enjoy spending more time than necessary over a hot stove (or even worse) near an oven when boiling outdoors!
The basic recipe that follows can easily be adapted to vegetarian cooking. In Italy, arborio rice is used, but other white rice can be substituted, such as basmati or Thai (NOT Uncle Ben's).
The mixed pickled vegetables are easily found in Italian foodstores. The mix usually includes carrots, pickles, onions, cauliflower, onion, peppers.
{NB: it's difficult to measure out ingredients, since it's a question of taste}

White rice
Sottoaceti (mixed pickled vegetables)
Hot dog or tuna
Hard boiled egg
Mayonnaise
Oil

Cook rice & hardboil egg. Set aside to cool.
Drain vegetables & tuna. Slice thinly or dice vegetables, hotdog & egg. Mix into cooled rice.
Add mayonnaise and/or oil.

Tartiflette-French potatoe & cheese gratin

If you're on a diet, don't even read this recipe. Most traditional recipes in the Alpine region are based on cheese, lardons & potatoes. "Low-fat" is not a concept here. Then again winters are cold here, even spring is cold here, so rich heavy food is necessary for survival.

A variation of this dish is croziflette (pictured here), which is made with small square pasta called crozets.

WARNING: I'm not sure you can easily or cheaply find the cheese, Reblochon, in the US. If you do manage to find it, most likely it's been pasteurized, which here in the Savoy regions is anathema. Reblochon is made from raw milk "lait cru", or it cannot be called Reblochon ("fromage pour tartiflette" or Tartiflette cheese is the term for the substitute stuff). Mom has found it at Trader Joe's & she's been known to substitute with another firm cheese that melts easily, so experiment!

1 Reblochon (firm, not too mushy)
5 large potatoes
1 large onion
1 pint crème fraiche (or heavy cream)
2 cups lardons (or bacon) [unless your vegetarian]
1 glass fruity white wine
salt & pepper

Preheat oven to hot temperature.
Slice onions thinly in half rings. Sauté in a bit of butter with the lardons.
Peel potatoes, slice thinly, add to onions & lardons.
Stir occasionaly so it doesn't stick. Season to taste.
When potatoes start to become transparent, add the wine.
Once wine has cooked down, add the crème fraiche. Stir well.
Remove from heat and transfer into a pyrex.
Slice Reblochon in half through middle (you should have two circles). place on top of the potatoe mixture with the crust upwards.
Bake in oven until the cheese is crispy.
Serve with a green salad, as this is too rich a dish to be accompanied by anything else. Usually I serve the same local wine I used to cook with (for example my neighbor's award winning Roussette de Frangy).

Spinach pie 1- tourte aux épinards

This is a no brainer. Usually if I make a savoury pie, quiche or tourte it's because I want to empty the fridge of bits & pieces. This is one of my cheat recipes (i.e. don't feel like cooking)

1 cup frozen spinach
2 layers puff pastry or filo dough
1 large onion
6 tbsps lardons (or bacon: optional)
1 egg
Crème fraiche or heavy cream
parmesan or any cheese hanging ou in the fridge
salt & pepper
pinch of nutmeg
Butter

Preheat oven medium heat
Line pastry dish with wax paper
Sauté onions with lardons or bacon
Zap frozen spinach in microwave. Squeeze out any excess water
Add spinich to onions, cook down any excess liquid.
Add seasonings
Add créme fraiche or heavy cream
Add beaten egg
Sprinkle grated cheese
Place puff pastry on dish
Add filling
Cover with another layer of puff pastry
Zap a few tbsps butter in microwave
Spread over top pastry layer
Make incisions on pastry
Bake about 30 min

POLENTA COI FUNGHI, with chocolate soufflé for dessert

Okay, so the first thing you’re looking for here is some valid justification for yet another recipe for polenta funghi, and all I can do is smirk and try to make you realize that it’s not really about the recipe but rather the process. Karen cooks like that, too. She tries to play nice on her blog with stepwise instructions—but the truth is that the only thing rules and steps do is make your butt pucker. Let me recount the life of a real dinner.

The whole thing starts at just after noon when I attempt to negotiate a no-cook night at the pho joint we like, but Adri doesn’t want to dress to leave the house so I’m told to get groceries after the gym. It’s a brisk March day in San Juan Capistrano and jeez—it might even be 65°F outside. Sweater time. Pho sounded good, but so does polenta to my Milanese spouse. And let there be chocolate soufflé for dessert, since you’re going shopping anyways.


I take stock of what’s already there in the pantry—polenta and dried porcini brought from Italy, and some decent 71% chocolate from Trader Joe’s for the soufflé—plus the staples: flour, oil, butter, sherry, sherry vinegar, sea salt, garlic. Just need whole milk and eggs and fresh mushrooms and I’ll be done. Gym, TJ’s, and I’m back home at 3:45.

Kid #1 is at a friend’s house and Kid #2 won’t eat the polenta or the ‘shrooms, so it’s a bacon and eggs dinner to get him out of the way (Karen doesn’t have this problem with her boyz, or so she says). 4:00 and I’m free to cook. We’re shooting for an early dinner tonight—5-5:30.

A big handful of dried porcini goes into one of the kids’ cereal bowls—hot water from the teakettle covers them, and agitated with a spoon a few times the dirt loosens, dislodges, and settles to the bottom of the bowl. Some olive oil and flour are put on medium heat in a saucepan to make a roux. Cutting garlic into a small dice, inspiration has me taking a Guinness pint from the fridge and drinking all but about a cup. When the moisture is gone from the roux (no more bubbles), the garlic goes in and toasts a bit while the roux starts to take on some color. Then that last cup of Guinness goes into the pan rather than down my throat (this was the hardest part!). Mixing this well it gets really thick and comes off the heat to avoid the scorch. It’s way too thick now, but it will be softened by more liquid to be added shortly.

Okay, the porcini should be fully hydrated by now, and after a couple more agitations they can be extracted from the liquid and set aside. The liquid gets decanted into the pan, leaving the sand in the cereal bowl, and the pan goes back to the fire—low this time. Some whisk action with a splash of sherry vinegar and a dose of sea salt complete a very smooth mushroom base, which should now be about the consistency of a rather thick gravy.

Fresh ‘shrooms today were small brown button-y things--they call ‘em “Cremini” here. I have no idea where that name came from and I don’t want to know. Sliced coarsely, sautéed with olive oil on high heat, they cook quickly and I throw in a splash of Fino sherry (my kid—the one who doesn’t eat the ‘shrooms—loves to watch the pan flame) and then the rehydrated porcini, which I’ve coarsely chopped. A few more tosses in the pan, then all that mushroomy goodness goes into the saucepan with the mushroom/Guinness gravy. This is going to be tasty.

Polenta is simple. It’s a three-to-one ratio of water to corn meal (a good polenta bramata is a good thing to have in the pantry), and for two hungry adults, a cup and a half of polenta will make two good-sized portions with extra for seconds. Not wanting to deal with fractions, I went with two cups of polenta (and six cups of water, plus a little extra water because I prefer too soft over too thick). Lightly salted water comes to a boil, then stirring the water in a circle the polenta gets added in a stream. What happens if you just dump? Serious corn clods, that’s what! The idea is to make every grain of polenta enter the water and be surrounded by water, not by other grains of polenta. Stirring for a minute more the polenta thickens up to about as thick as it will get, but it still needs to cook for about ten minutes over low heat. Stirring vigorously frequently as the polenta cooks will give it that “true polenta” consistency that you can never get with the instant stuff.

While the polenta cooks, a little fire under the ‘shrooms in sauce will bring them up to temperature. At the ten-minute mark polenta and ‘shrooms go to the table. That’s four portions for normal people, two portions for Adri and me. Recommended wine: Guinness.

Afterthought: the polenta funghi dish I just described is completely vegan—no dead animal parts or products whatsoever. Unless you're one of those militant vegans who drive everyone to homicidal fantasies, this is the best kind of vegan dish, i.e., one that ends up being vegan unintentionally—there's no substituting for butter or eggs anywhere, because there is never any call for them in the first place. [If you are a militant vegan, you want the people who accommodate you to suffer.] Next dish, though, is still "vegetarian" only because I'm not twisted enough to add meat to a dessert.

After cleanup, it’s soufflé time. Oven preheats to 375 F while butter and flour cook lightly together in a saucepan. Kid #2 is interested in the soufflé, so I calculate for an extra portion—the normal two-person soufflé plus a little single unit, both of which are buttered. That means 1 1/3 cups of milk, whisked into the butter and flour to make what amounts to a very heavy béchamel. Fully thickened, it comes off the fire and in goes the chocolate—the whole bar—one dash of salt and a nice dose of sugar. How much sugar? I add, taste, add more, until it’s the right sweetness, and then I add some more sugar to compensate for the other ingredients still to come. This is the “process” I was talking about before. If you overshoot with the sugar and it’s too sweet, no big. Too sweet is better than not sweet enough. One thing I haven’t figured out yet is why the béchamel becomes so much looser when the sugar is added. At this point, a splash of vanilla could be added—or not (maybe better not).

Eggs. Six whites and five yolks, separated. The whites are going to be beaten, so keep them free of yolk or even the slightest speck of butter. The yolks get whisked into the chocolate mixture, and the whites beaten with a bit of sugar to the soft-peak stage. Now, about a quarter of the whites should be folded gently into the chocolate stuff to lighten it, making it runnier and airy. Then the chocolate and the rest of the whites get folded together very gently, but also very thoroughly. Seems like this might be hard, but it’s not. They actually come together rather nicely.

The batters go into the soufflés, filling to just below the widening of the rim, and the soufflés into the oven. About six minutes in, the oven is turned down to 325 and about fifteen minutes later the soufflés go to the table. This could be enough for four in genteel company, but shit—this is seriously fun pig-out food. We finished our soufflés no problem, even though we were already stuffed with the supersize portions of polenta.

This is a goopy, gooey soufflé. If you want something more cake-y go buy yourself a Hostess Ding-Dong.

Split pea soup

In winter it's cold & snowy here in the Alps, so hot & hearty soup is a staple for dinner. Split pea soup is one of the kid's favorites. Traditionally, it's made with ham hock, which is not easy to find in France where cuts of meat are different. I've experimented with different cuts of pork & beef on the bone & have always had excellent results. These cuts are often the cheapest, so it's a good nutritious but cheap meal! Also freezes well (remove the bone first) so I just cook up a batch.

Vegetarians may substitute the meat with potatoe.

TIP: I've substituted lentils (all kinds!) for the split peas.
Always add salt to pulses 1/2 way through cooking time or they will become hard & bitter.

1 cup split peas
1 large carrot
1 medium onion
1 ham hock (or other meat on the bone)
4 cups homemade broth or boullion cube.
Salt & pepper

Chop up carrot & onion.
Sauté in olive oil.
Add ham hock or other meat & brown.
Add split peas, stir.
Add water & bring to boil then lower heat & simmer until thick (usually 1-2 hours).
Salt & pepper to taste.